Posted by
michael on Wednesday, May 04, 2011 4:18:43 AM
Zero-emission fuel cell vehicle commercialization of how long the road?
Ministry of Industry and Information Technology to develop a "new energy automobile manufacturing companies and product access management rules", attributed to fuel cell vehicles will start on the product, implement the principle of the path that technology is still in the early research stage, then -
June 17, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology to develop "new energy automobile manufacturing companies and product access management rules" require from 1 July 2009 to December 31, 2010, fuel cell passenger cars / commercial vehicles are start of the product, implement the principle that technology is still in the preliminary study stage route, the lack of national and industrial standards, yet have the conditions of industrial products. The commercialization of fuel cell vehicles the road seems confusing and full of variables.
Basic fuel cell vehicles with zero emissions
"Literally, the fuel cell vehicle is like an electric car. But from a professional point of view, fuel cell vehicles closer to the traditional engine cars." Fuel cell engine Institute of Tongji University, Professor Xu Sichuan teacher said, fuel cells The principle is to make hydrogen cars, the oxygen in the catalyst, to produce electricity through chemical reactions, as a driver of a car engine energy; and the direct use of traditional battery powered electric vehicle motorcycle operation.
In general, the conversion efficiency of fuel cell engine than the average 40% -60% higher than internal combustion engines, according to ordinary standards of car fuel consumption per hundred kilometers of view, fuel cell cars need to gaseous hydrogen 1.2kg per hundred kilometers or so. According to reports, BMW Hydrogen 7 Series cars with hydrogen internal combustion engine and gasoline dual fuel engine, through the switch on the dashboard switch to freedom, when the hydrogen fuel driven ,0-100km / h acceleration time of 9.5s, top speed up to 230km / h.
Fuel cell vehicles because it is through a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity, so only the resultant water, can achieve zero emission or near zero emissions. This not only reduces pollution caused by oil leakage, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, energy conservation is consistent with the requirements of the ideal car. At the same time, improve engine combustion efficiency, smooth operation, no noise.
Facilities construction costs and the two major obstacles
Currently, the domestic fuel cell vehicles running mainly on car-based model, generally used in the display for special occasions, travel and tourism travel, there is no real commercial. Although some on the international market fuel cell vehicles in commercial operation, but still a taxi based.
Associate Professor, Department of Automotive Engineering, Tsinghua University Wang Hewu that the high cost of fuel cell vehicles make it difficult to market shortly. 2008 Beijing Olympic Games to show the three fuel cell buses, the cost of each passenger more than 300 million, while imports of European public transport system is currently 5 standard price of conventional engine low floor bus is only 100 million. From a market point of view of economics, cost is difficult to complete the market promotion, but not impossible to achieve large-scale market-oriented production, and thus the cost can not come down, eventually leading to a vicious cycle of cost and sales.
It is understood that GM has made to become the first sales of 1 million fuel cell vehicles in the company, and is committed to the public after 2010, can afford to produce fuel cell vehicles. But this is only an idea, from a real implementation also requires a lot of conditions.
At this stage, China addition to imports of fuel cell buses, the main aspects of fuel cell vehicles by universities and research institutions related to research and development, does not have a mature production technology as the manufacturers use. A condition of anonymity told this writer that the industry, fuel cell vehicle research and development and production more difficult than the fuel cell bus, both need to mature technology, but also a more complete infrastructure.
For driving a wide range of cars is not fixed, if not timely way, in its drive to find hydrogen refueling station, then the car is not as good carts.
However, infrastructure development, both involved in urban planning, transport, electricity and other problems, but also address the profitability of investment and operation problems are, but also effectively solve the hydrogenation of the core technology and uniform standards and other issues. For a certain range of bus driving, the issue may be easy to resolve, but for the purposes of private cars to solve these problems a long way to go.
If the cost of technology and scientific research institutions and enterprises can be resolved through the efforts of the problem, then the appropriate supporting facilities are not held one man can do, and need for national policy, industrial chain, infrastructure and other aspects of preparation, and timely to develop improved industry standards and norms.
After 2020, the average consumer can use a small amount of
So, when consumers can enjoy the price, "the people" of the fuel cell cars?
Media reports in recent years, the development of fuel cell vehicle technology has made great progress. World famous car manufacturer Mercedes-Benz, General Motors, Honda, Toyota and so have increased the fuel cell vehicle research and development efforts, and to develop appropriate production and market plans. In the interview, thinking Xu Chuan also said the bus company in Canada, a regular person in charge told him that, by 2015 the bus company will be able to do the government a penny in subsidies under the premise of fuel cell buses and ordinary buses of the unified and effective operation.
Not long ago, the Shanghai authorities issued a fuel cell vehicle's "Ten Baiqian project," before the World Expo in 2010, deploying 10 hydrogen stations, 100 buses and 1000 fuel cell fuel cell cars, while Shanghai will be the next 3 years to invest in hydrogen fuel cell 1.3 billion.
Some experts idea: fuel cell vehicles by 2015, a small area can be achieved, special occasions, run; fuel cell car after 2020 can be delivered to a small number of ordinary consumers, and to achieve commercial operations.
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